RESUMO
Human stem cells, particularly embryonic, have huge therapeutic potential to many degenerative diseases, so they are the subject of intense research in many countries. Because obtaining human stem cells involves the use of zygotes obtained by in vitro fertilization, when they arrive in the blastocyst stage, ethical issues arise that some groups considered insurmountable; in Mexico to date it has not been possible to established a law or rule that regulates the issue. The purpose of this paper is to discuss the ideological conflicts that have led to this situation, and about the light a judgment delivered by the Inter-American Court of Human Rights may shed on a democratic and secular legislation.
Assuntos
Pesquisa com Células-Tronco/legislação & jurisprudência , Humanos , MéxicoRESUMO
Frente a la posibilidad tecnológica de llevar a cabo procedimientos como políticas y jurídicas y cuestionamientos sobre si quienes participan en ellos lo hacen desde su autonomía o desde una sumisión ocasionada por factores sociales, culturales y económicos. ¿Es deseo de toda mujer ser madre o se trata de un mandato cultural? ¿Es la falta de opciones la que induce a las mujeres a acudir a la maternidad subrogada como único logro posible de sus vidas? Las mujeres que acceden a ser portadoras de un embarazo, ¿aceptan desde su autonomía o toman sus decisiones desde un estado de vulnerabilidad tanto social como económica? Será una tarea imposible descubrir quienes participan en los procedimientos de maternidad subrogada desde una autonomía o desde una sumisión pero será tarea de la sociedad y del Estado asegurar que tanto los solicitantes como la madre gestante estén en mejores condiciones para actuar de acuerdo a sus propios valores, ideas y creencias (AU)
Facing the new technological possibilities to achieve surrogate motherhood, new social, political and juridical controversy has emerge, along with questions about whether the participants of such procedures are motivated by their own will or pressed by social, cultural or economic factors. Is it the lack possibilities the reason why women choose surrogate motherhood as the only path to achieve a goal in life? IS the acceptance to carry a pregnancy a free and autonomous decision made by the mother, or an option that comes from a state of vulnerability, either social or economical? It is impossible to discover which are thereasons that motivates participants to choose surrogacy, it is however the State duty to generate laws that, if not assure, at least survey thath both solicitants and caring mothers are in conditions to act accordingly to their own values, ideas and beliefs (AU)
Assuntos
Humanos , Feminino , Gravidez , Mães Substitutas , Fatores Culturais , Fatores Socioeconômicos , Poder FamiliarRESUMO
Modern reproductive technology has not been completely accepted and, especially in-vitro fertilization, IVF has generated serious social, political and legal controversies in Latin America. We may distinguish two trends that show us the oppositions; on one hand, the primacy of the embryo's live and its protection during artificial reproductive process and on the other, the primacy of liberal access to assisted reproduction techniques. The debate came to the fore, after a ruling by the Costa Rica's Constitutional Chamber who banned de IVF in 2000. The damaged couples after fulfilling the process toward the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, present a petition to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. The Court's sentence and its arguments will be the subject of these comments as well that will allow to considered that both of them should be considered as a very important step towards the construction of a secular liberal vision over the assisted reproduction in Latin America.
Assuntos
Fertilização In Vitro/legislação & jurisprudência , Direitos Sexuais e Reprodutivos/legislação & jurisprudência , Costa Rica , Direitos Humanos , Humanos , América LatinaRESUMO
La moderna tecnología reproductiva no goza de total aceptación y en especial la fecundación in vitro, FIV ha generado serias controversias sociales, políticas y jurídicas en Latinoamérica. De manera esquemática podemos distinguir dos tendencias que son el reflejo de las oposiciones: por un lado, la preponderancia de la protección de la vida los embriones generados durante los procesos reproductivos artificiales y, por el otro, la primacía del libre acceso a las técnicas de reproducción asistida. El debate subió a la palestra a parir de una sentencia de la Sala Constitucional de Costa Rica que prohibió en 2000 la realización de la FIV. Los afectados, después de agotar la instancia de la Comisión Interamericana de Derechos Humanos, acudieron a la Corte Interamericana de Derechos Humanos. El fallo de este tribunal y sus argumentaciones serán objeto de estos comentarios que permitirán llegar a la conclusión de que uno y otras han de ser considerados como un gran paso hacia la construcción del pensamiento liberal laico en torno a la reproducción asistida en Latinoamerícana (AU)
Modern reproductive technolgy has not been completely accepted and, especially in-vitro fertilization, IVF has generated serious social, political and legal controversies in Latin America. We may distinguish two trends that show us the oppositions; on one hand, the primacy of the embryo´s live and its protection during artificial reproductive processs and on the other, the primacy of liberal access to assisted reproduction techniques. The debate came to the fore, after a ruling by the Costa Rica´s Constitutional Chamber who banned de IVF in 2000. The damaged couples after fulfilling the process toward the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights, present a petition to the Inter-American Court of Human Rights. The Court´s sentence and its arguments will be the subject of these comments as well that will allow to considered that both of them should be considered as a very impotant step towards the construction of a secular liberal vision over the assisted reproduction in Latin America (AU)
